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The Managed Devices contain the SNMP Agent and can consist of routers, switches, hubs, pcs, printers, and items such as these.
They are responsible for collecting information and making it available to the NMSs.
The Agents contain software that have knowledge of management information and translates this information into a form
compatible with SNMP. They are located on a managed device.
The NMSs execute applications that monitor and control the managed devices. Processing and memory resources that are needed
for network management are provided by the NMSs. A minimum of one NMS must exist on any managed network. SNMP can act
solely as a NMS or an agent, or can perform the duties of both. There are four basic commands used by SNMP NMS to monitor
and control the managed devices: read, write, trap, and traversal operations. The read command examines the variables that are kept
by the managed devices. The write command changes the values of the variables stored by the managed devices. Traversal
operations look to find out what variables a managed devices supports and gathers information from the supported variable
tables.The trap command is used by the managed devices to report the occurrence of certain events to the NMS.
SNMP uses four protocol operations in order to operate: Get, GetNext, Set, and Trap. The Get command is used when the NMS
issues a request for information to managed devices. The SNMPv1 message (request) that is sent consists of a message header and
a Protocol Data Unit (PDU). The PDU of the message contains the information that is needed to successfully complete a request.